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For Melissa Harris-Perry, receiving her AAUW American Fellowship in 2001 made all the difference. She received notification of her fellowship award just two weeks after finding out that that she was pregnant.

Initially, she was anxious about her status — an untenured, junior faculty member at the University of Chicago — but more than 10 years later, she looks back on what a truly life-changing year it was. By the end of her fellowship, Harris-Perry had “written pretty furiously,” sent her first book off to press, given birth to a daughter, and collected data for a second book project. That book, Sister Citizen: Shame, Stereotypes, and Black Women in America, was published in 2011 and received a 2012 National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Image Award nomination in literature. The book examines the effects of persistent, harmful stereotypes on black women’s politics. Her first book, Barbershops, Bibles, and BET: Everyday Talk and Black Political Thought, won the 2005 W.E.B. DuBois Book Award and the 2005 Best Book Award from the American Political Science Association.

Harris-Perry credits her AAUW fellowship-year accomplishments with helping her ultimately earn tenure. “It’s pretty extraordinary how many things [the fellowship] made possible for me,” she says. Harris-Perry recalls with a chuckle “driving all over the greater Chicago area [visiting AAUW branches], big and pregnant.” She credits her fellowship for “providing money at just the right time,” allowing her to focus her work on two projects, and giving her the priceless gift of spending time with her newborn daughter. “When I think about the number of things the fellowship meant to me, it’s really hard to express what it meant — what a difference one year can make in the life of a junior faculty woman. I don’t think it’s possible that the rest of my career could have happened without that time,” she says.

Harris-Perry’s career in academia has certainly been distinguished, but it was not unexpected. “For many African Americans and women, the idea of being a professor is strange or foreign, but for me it was kind of like a family business,” she says. Both her father and his twin brother are professors, and her mother was working on her doctorate when her parents met.

These days, after having held faculty positions at the University of Chicago and Princeton University, Harris-Perry is a professor of political science at Tulane University and is the founding director of the Anna Julia Cooper Project on Gender, Race, and Politics in the South. She also writes a monthly column for The Nation and is a longtime political analyst on MSNBC, where she regularly contributes to Politics Nation, The Last Word, and the Rachel Maddow Show.

We’ll get to see and hear from Harris-Perry more often since she will host her own weekend program on MSNBC beginning February 18. When we spoke, the enthusiasm in her voice was evident, despite what may be a challenging commute from New Orleans to New York while teaching and making time for her family. Harris-Perry is excited about the show, which will address politics and questions of popular culture. “I am not a journalist, and they didn’t hire me because I am ‘TV-ready,’” she says. “What they see is my research, my background as a scholar, and the kinds of questions I ask as an academic.”

Harris-Perry encourages women not to be afraid to make mistakes, because “we tend to think that failures are definitive.” She says, “There’s no guarantee that if you have a lot of failures that you’ll have great success, but there is a guarantee that you cannot have great success without mistakes along the way.”

There has been overwhelming interest in AAUW’s most recent research report, Crossing the Line: Sexual Harassment at School. This attention does not surprise Susan Walker Woolley, a 2010–11 American Fellow whose dissertation corroborates the report’s findings.

Woolley conducted three years of ethnographic research at a large public high school in the San Francisco Bay Area. She followed peer-education outreach efforts aimed at fighting homophobia and transphobia that were organized by students in the school’s gay-straight alliance club. Students addressed gaps in the academic curricula and the policies aimed at protecting lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) students. Woolley investigated the school’s formal sex, gender, and sexuality curricula that are taught in three freshman social studies courses and analyzed the ways students and teachers constructed and challenged safe spaces for dealing with differences. She focused on how these safe environments were negotiated among students and teachers within the curricula, social interactions, and teacher instruction and intervention as well as through students’ joking and teasing.

Woolley witnessed daily sexual and gender harassment, even at a school that already had policies and training in place. She says that there seems to be “something insidious, something so pervasive as to be unnoticed that perpetuates this kind of abuse. … I can’t quite put my finger on it, but it is at the heart of what I am trying to understand in my research.”

In her study, Woolley found that students saw harassment as an ordinary part of school life. Students claimed that their high school was the best place to be LGBTQ and that it was a supportive school environment. However, in three years Woolley collected narratives about abuse, harassment, and everyday violence and found a huge disconnect between these encounters and the view of “normal” student life, exposing a cultural problem inherent in school and society. Woolley says that these social practices are so embedded in the daily lives of students that they perpetuate violence and ostracism.

Since her fellowship year, Woolley has been revising her dissertation. She presented her research to a number of scholars at international conferences, including events hosted by the American Anthropological Associationand the International Association for the Study of Sexuality, Culture, and Society. This spring, she will present at the American Educational Research Association’s annual meeting.

Woolley, who is about to graduate, says that she feels fortunate for her connection to AAUW, which helped her “get in touch with a network of professionals and scholars concerned about school safety for all students, education of girls and queer youth, and issues of equality and equity.”

This post was written by AAUW Fellowships and Grants Intern Elyssa Shildneck.

How do you know if you are inventive or an innovator — and whether you’re going to be the next Steve Jobs? Does labeling yourself really make a difference in which profession you go after?

It might, at least according to a new — and disturbing — study that suggests a strong lack of interest in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) jobs among young Americans. President Barack Obama’s State of the Union address stressed the need for a technical workforce, but the Lemelson-MIT Invention Index, which seeks to gauge young people’s perception of innovation, found that they misunderstand how new ideas are made into new realities.

While 26 percent of those who answered the survey noted that they’re motivated to choose careers based on overall stability, 22 percent said they want the chance to “change the world.” Almost three in four young women indicated that they are creative, yet fewer than one in three described themselves as inventive, the characteristic they associated most with original thinkers. Men didn’t seem to make this link either.

A New York Times article brings up another missed connection: About 40 percent of students planning to enter engineering and science majors end up switching or failing to get their degrees. “The president and industry groups have called on colleges to graduate 10,000 more engineers a year and 100,000 new teachers with majors in STEM,” says the article, the title of which indicates that science students don’t last because “it’s just so darn hard.”

AAUW’s research report Why So Few? Women in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics found that women are far less likely than men to enter STEM degrees in the first place despite higher average GPAs in high school STEM classes. Once in the major, they were just as likely as men to be driven out by discouraging college environments, which also tend to be void of female peers or mentors. This trend carries over into the workforce, where women remain severely underrepresented.

If our country needs more engineers, then we need to address the misperceptions of these young women and men. This generation recognizes that STEM careers offer the best opportunities for the future, according to a recent American Society for Quality study, but they don’t seem to be making the connection that invention and innovation in STEM have and can “change the world.” Need examples? Try Jane Goodall or Jill Tarter.

If students keep feeling like these majors are so challenging that they can’t even finish their degrees, our potential innovators will end up changing the world via communications or politics instead of new medical breakthroughs or more affordable computers. And if women continue to be put off by the professional climate and the perception that they don’t belong, we are cutting those chances in half.

This post was written by AAUW Marketing and Communications Intern Marie Lindberg.

“A packed gymnasium, cheerleaders rallying the fans, the crowd on their feet supporting their team, and the pep band playing the school song: These are all things you might expect to see at an Indiana high school basketball game on a Friday night. The crowd becomes part of the game; they provide motivation, support, and encouragement to the players. After all, what would a spectator sport be without the spectators? Unfortunately, this is a question the Franklin County High School girls’ basketball teams must answer every season because half their games have been relegated to non-primetime nights (generally Monday through Thursday) to give preference to the boys’ Friday and Saturday night games. Non-primetime games result in a loss of audience, conflict with homework, and foster feelings of inferiority. The question we’re asked to decide in this appeal is whether such discriminatory scheduling practices are actionable under Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, 20 U.S.C. § 1681(a). We think the plaintiffs have presented a genuine question of fact that such practices violate the statute, and therefore we vacate the district court’s entry of summary judgment in favor of the defendants on this claim.”

—     Parker v. Franklin County Community School Corporation (Judge John D. Tinder), U.S. Court of Appeals for the 7th Circuit

 

Just months ahead of the 40th anniversary of Title IX’s enactment, its advocates celebrated a significant victory. Last week, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 7th Circuit ruled in favor of female basketball players who were allegedly relegated to weeknight games while the boys’ teams played on Friday and Saturday nights. The court found that the case of Parker v. Franklin County Community School Corporation could proceed to trial, reversing a lower court’s judgment in favor of the school district. The lawsuit claims that the weeknight game schedule for the girls makes homework a challenge, results in fewer spectators, generates feelings of inferiority, and violates Title IX and the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment to the Constitution.

Judge John Tinder, a President Ronald Reagan appointee, sports fan, and Indiana Hoosier, recognized the clear harm that this type of discrimination has on high school sports. We are optimistic that the trial court will follow a similar line of reasoning so that “Friday night lights” can shine for all athletes, regardless of gender.

This case represents part of AAUW’s efforts to advocate vigorous enforcement of Title IX and all other civil rights laws pertaining to education. Title IX’s impact on women’s athletic participation is one of the country’s greatest civil rights success stories, changing the playing field dramatically for girls and women in sports. The AAUW Legal Advocacy Fund provided financial assistance to the plaintiffs in this case. The funds come directly from the generous contributions of AAUW members. Other LAF initiatives include community and campus outreach programs, an online resource library with downloadable advocacy tools, a Legal Referral Network, and research reports.

 

AAUW did a fabulous job publicizing the new research report, Crossing the Line: Sexual Harassment at School. Upon its release, the news hit TV, magazines, newspapers, and social media around the country.

Now that the initial excitement has faded but the importance of the report remains, how can we get this information into the hands of the people who need it the most — the general public and the individuals responsible for education in our states, parishes, and counties?

As president of the AAUW Covington-Mandeville (LA) Branch, I decided to do my part to spread the word. I’ve been sending personalized e-mails to all education officials at the state, regional, and local levels with a link to the free PDF on AAUW’s website. After finding contact information online, I individually address each e-mail and personalize a form letter that I drafted. I also call when I can’t find an e-mail address for a contact.

My effort is paying off. I’m getting “read receipts” from most of my e-mails, and I’m quickly responding to all officials who reply to me. Additionally, this preliminary e-mail contact makes it easier to ask for speaker commitments for our branch’s future efforts.

Another way that the Covington-Mandeville Branch is spreading the word is by hosting a panel discussion about harassment and bullying in schools at the St. Tammany Parish Council chambers on Thursday, February 23, at 6:30 p.m. Eileen deHaro, an AAUW Leadership Corps member, branch member, and branch officer, will moderate and present the report’s findings. We are finalizing arrangements to include speakers from the Louisiana Department of Education, the Louisiana Legislature, Louisiana’s Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, our parish school board, and the Positive Behavior Support and Intervention Program at Mandeville Middle School.

We hope that panelists can reassure the public that sexual harassment and bullying are serious concerns being addressed locally and statewide to identify and deal with any threats to our students. Most of all, we want to know that all students are regularly reminded of reporting procedures and that zero-tolerance policies are actively followed in all of our schools.

The effort to address harassment should be important nationwide, but it is especially important to us in Louisiana because, frankly, our members are tired of our state constantly ranking poorly in almost all important state comparisons. We don’t want Louisiana to also fail our students because of bullying, sexual harassment, and dangerous school environments.

Our branch has challenged our AAUW state board and all other Louisiana branches to send e-mails to their local school board members. I now challenge all AAUW members around the country to do the same. Please work as a team to get this report into good hands.

Editor’s note: Download the new Crossing the Line Program in a Box for instructions for hosting a panel or giving a presentation on the report in your community. You can also find letters from our executive director that you can print and send with hard copies of the report.

This post was written by Jean Lotz, chair for the AAUW Social Media Committee and president of the AAUW Covington Mandeville (LA) Branch.

Jane Sutton has been the science chair at the AAUW Circleville (OH) Branch since she launched the first countywide science fair in 1985. The event still takes place today — run by the county schools — and the branch continues to donate a prize to the winning high school student. In the 1990s, Sutton led her branch to become involved in National Chemistry Week. The branch sent volunteers to all 13 schools in the county to offer hands-on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) programs and demonstrations and to hand out memorabilia to the students.

“Our branch has been involved in science projects in the county since the 1980s, and it has evolved,” says Sutton. For the past four years, the branch has donated funds to local high schools to help them fill voids in their science labs. For the 2011–2012 school year, Teays Valley High School asked for a donation of books to augment their science library, and Logan Elm High School received rechargeable batteries and a charger.

So why science labs? Both Sutton and past branch President Jayme Hartley Fountain believe that STEM education can open doors for students in their community.

“There’s a lot of teachers and retired teachers in our particular branch,” says Fountain. “I have a chemistry degree, and I went to law school with my science degree. If you look at those degrees, it’s good for their future … and we firmly believe, for girls struggling in STEM, that it is important for us to help.”

“In our town, as in all communities, there’s a special need for science activities and math,” says Sutton. “DuPont and PPG Industries, who sponsored us before the economy turned south, are big in the local economy, and it seems like it was important for [children] to see what was going on in the large plants.”

DuPont and Four J Properties, the two organizations that partnered with the Circleville Branch to make the donations, have been very involved in community activities, and they play a large part in the town’s economy.

In school districts that continue to see funding cuts, investing in updated technology and science labs can be a struggle. “We just thought that they would need it most because often chemistry, physics, and biology require more money for projects, experiments, and books,” says Sutton.

For years, the branch also has helped sponsor two girls from local middle schools to go to the Be WISE Camp, a STEM camp for girls at Denison University in Granville, Ohio.

Sutton anticipates that there will be a new branch project to encourage STEM in her community this year. “There’s always a need for it, and I don’t know what direction it will go in the future, but the high schools that have accepted our offers have been very grateful,” she says.

To follow what AAUW is doing with STEM, “like” us on Facebook or follow us, @AAUWSTEM, on Twitter. And please let us know what your branch is doing to break through barriers for women and girls in STEM.

This post was written by AAUW Marketing and Communications Intern Marie Lindberg.

A miniature Darth Vader stalks through the house, unsuccessfully attempting to use “the force” on an elliptical machine, the clothes washer, a bald-headed baby doll, and even the pet dog when his mental powers surprisingly start the family Volkswagen.

Football Hall of Famer and Pittsburgh Steeler Charles “Mean Joe” Greene limps back to the locker room when a pint-sized fan offers him consolation in the form of a Coke and a smile.

Betty White gets an energy boost from a Snickers candy bar after a rough day of pick-up football with the guys.

Remember these commercials? You should. Advertisers spend, on average, $3.5 million for a 30-second spot during the Super Bowl, banking on making their products unforgettable. And with more than 111 million viewers tuned in to watch, the battle for consumer dollars rivals the clash of athletes on the field.

What many advertisers fail to appreciate is the narrowing viewer gender gap. Last year, women made up 46 percent of Super Bowl viewers, only an eight-point gap compared to almost double that a decade ago. And women account for 86 percent of consumer buying power in the United States, so it stands to reason that the advertising gender scale should begin to tip. But if history bears out, still included among the ads for cars, beer, chips, and other stereotypically masculine products this year will be the usual assortment of offensive and sexist commercials aimed at demeaning women and marginalized groups.

Our friends over at Miss Representation are calling on viewers to flex their consumer muscles against sexism by telling companies that we’re not buying it. During the game, watch to see whom messages targeting and what the messages say about gender. Then tweet, post, and share your thoughts. Be sure to include the hashtag #NotBuyingIt on Twitter to participate in the discussion in real time.

This Sunday, I will be parked in front of the television to watch the game. And while the players on the field are fighting for a touchdown, I’ll be working toward the goal of telling advertisers and businesses that sexism won’t sell.

A Simple Hello

There is a path I take every morning to catch the train. It’s a shorter route — less traveled — and probably isn’t the safest, so I walk it with pepper spray and a poker face. Until recently, I encountered a homeless woman daily along this path. Wrapped in a blanket regardless of the outside temperature, she sat on the window ledge of a business. Once in a blue moon, she pushed a shopping cart full of trinkets that I would consider junk. She never asked for money or even so much as uttered a word.

Ericd at the English language Wikipedia [GFDL (www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-SA-3.0 (www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/)], via Wikimedia CommonsThe last time I saw her was the first time I actually made eye contact with her. I didn’t say hello. I felt kind of bad I hadn’t. After all, what would it have really cost me? I resolved that the next time I saw her, I’d say hi.

Last week, I started my day as I always do — by reading the Atlanta Journal Constitution. There was a headline that said, “Woman’s Body Found by Business,” and I read the article. I recognized the address, even though I couldn’t place the locale in my head. I went on with my day, walking down that same path. I saw news camera crews in the area.

Nothing registered. Instead, I was thinking about a dress that I’d ordered on Zappos.

I went back and read the article again. It said that the woman was found wrapped in a blanket. Instantly, I knew. It was her. The same woman whom I had walked past numerous times. The woman I never spoke to. The woman who probably sat hungry in soiled clothing as she saw me saunter down the street with my bags of groceries or new outfits from J.Crew. Her body was found in the same place she always sat along the same path I always traveled. No one killed her. She simply died of natural causes.

In the last week, I have felt a tremendous amount of guilt and sadness about her death. With her passing, I have done some self-reflection. I was too busy dealing with my own financial issues and chasing a university degree, and I completely overlooked a sister who deserved at least a simple hello.

As members of AAUW and the National Student Advisory Council, we talk at great length about how to help young girls and women reach that next level, how to negotiate a salary, how to get into the best graduate schools, and how to run for political office. Yet we spend little to no time talking about the young girls and women who live a different kind of reality — the women we rarely encounter who are nameless to us.

I implore you not to be too busy or too self-absorbed to acknowledge homeless individuals and to help them when you can. As the saying goes, “There, but for the grace of God, go I.”

This post was written by National Student Advisory Council member Caroline Archia-Adams.

Make Lifelong Resolutions

By Nevit Dilmen [CC0 (creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en)], via Wikimedia CommonsWe are just one month into 2012, and already many of our well-intentioned resolutions have fallen to the backs of our minds. As treadmill runners dwindle and winter merchandise goes on super sale, it is easy to forget our New Year’s resolutions and to resume our typical lives. But by keeping positive goals and implementing smaller targets, even simple adjustments can lead to lifelong alterations and ultimately facilitate greater change.

Small-scale goals and checkpoints can help you reach your greatest aspirations. Each accomplishment will give you satisfaction, and your far-reaching goals will seem much more attainable. By staying organized and leaving yourself encouraging notes in your calendar’s margins every two weeks, you will not easily forget those resolutions. Help yourself to help yourself!

If you haven’t made your resolutions for the year, here are a few ideas. Find a cause. Join one organization and keep up with all of its news and events. Read the monthly bulletin over your morning coffee. Find out how you can get involved locally and put your talents to use. You will instantly feel more involved.

Involvement that might seem miniscule actually can make a huge difference. Asking a friend to join you in a fundraising walk will not only be enjoyable for you, but it will also further broadcast your cause. And becoming an AAUW Two-Minute Activist and encouraging others to sign up as well extends the benefits further than you can imagine.

Similarly, by becoming aware of global issues that affect people every day — issues such as street harassment — you make yourself more aware of local matters. Joining this international movement requires less effort than you might think. By participating in International Anti-Street Harassment Week, which takes place March 18–24, you will connect with people all over the world who have similar intentions. Whether you help plan events on your college campus, share news of this event with a friend, or attend a community event with people who are sharing their personal stories, you will unite forces with an enormous number of people. You will participate in an international effort.

Never doubt your capabilities.

This post was written by National Student Advisory Council member Laura Corrigan.

About one in five women will be raped or experience attempted rape during their college careers, and about two-thirds of undergraduate students — male and female — experience some type of sexual harassment. Because this isn’t just a “women’s issue,” the nonprofit organization Men Can Stop Rape tackles campus sexual harassment and assault in the work they do.

This week, they launched a fabulous new campaign, Where Do You Stand?, which focuses on what bystanders can do to challenge harassment and assault on college campuses. The campaign uses billboards, posters, T-shirts, bystander intervention trainings, and peer-education sessions to equip young men with the necessary skills and tools to intervene when they see a situation that doesn’t look right.

Tuesday night, they officially launched the campaign during an MCSR bystander training for about 30 young men at Georgetown University.

Early in the workshop, the young men had to answer a question: What would you do if you were at a college party and you saw a guy trying to get a young woman to drink more alcohol when she already looked like she had too much?

They took turns giving suggestions for how to intervene as bystanders in this scenario and in a few other similar scenarios. Four of the young men role-played the suggestions.

Many of the suggestions for the drinking scenario focused on creating a distraction or interrupting what was happening. They suggested coming up and engaging the young man in conversation about something else, accidentally spilling a drink on him, pretending to throw up on him, or storming up and pretending to be the young woman’s boyfriend to get her out of the situation. Some young men agreed that they would be willing to get confrontational or to bring other people into the picture if the young man wouldn’t stop.

Kedrick Griffin and Joe Vess were the Men Can Stop Rape staff facilitators. They went over the importance of having a game plan going into situations where something like this may come up, such as at a party or a bar. They also discussed reasons why people tend to stay quiet when they see abuse, harassment, or discrimination happening to others. Bystanders may be unsure if the behavior is unwelcome, hesitant to assume the person can’t take care of themselves, unclear about what to do, or fearful that the perpetrator will turn on them. For young men, another reason may be the fear of losing status in a social group, especially if they’re not well-established in that group.

Having ideas and tools for intervening can help people feel more comfortable with doing so. Talking to friends about a game plan can make a person feel confident that they won’t have to intervene alone.

I am truly thrilled to see MCSR launch this campaign. I hope campuses all over the country will implement it. Ending sexual harassment and assault is not the responsibility of women alone. We need men as allies. We need men to take a stand and speak out. It is only by working together on these issues that we will see true change on college campuses.

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