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Every year around Mother’s Day, especially in election years, we hear politicians talk about honoring and cherishing the role of motherhood in our society. But pregnant women in the workforce are often confronted with employment practices that force them to choose between following doctors’ orders for a healthy pregnancy and losing their jobs. We need to change that.

This morning, AAUW Director of Public Policy and Government Relations Lisa Maatz  joined several members of Congress at a press conference announcing the introduction of the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act, which would require employers to make reasonable accommodations to protect the health of pregnant workers, such as letting them carry bottles of water or take restroom breaks.

The economic health of most American families is dependent on working mothers. Seventy million women work outside the home, and three-quarters of them already have or will have children. These women will work through their pregnancies; in fact, most of them must keep working to make ends meet. The last thing an expecting mom should have to worry about is job security, but far too many women face discrimination directly because of their pregnancies.

Since 1978, the Pregnancy Discrimination Act has been the best defense for pregnant women who face discrimination on the job based on pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions. But more than 30 years later, courts have ruled that, in certain circumstances, women who are pregnant still risk being forced out of the workplace simply for following doctors’ orders. That’s why this legislation is so important — it makes it unlawful to discriminate against pregnant workers by forcing them out of their jobs unnecessarily or by denying reasonable accommodations that would allow them to keep working.

As we prepare to celebrate Mother’s Day this weekend — don’t forget to get a card! — AAUW believes that we must recognize the role that working moms play in our nation’s economy and do all that we can to support them. Passing the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act is another important step toward ending employer discrimination against women.

Late last month, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission issued an important decision protecting workers from sex discrimination in the workplace — but you may not have recognized it as such. On April 20, the EEOC released an opinion that said gender-identity discrimination is a violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the provision that has been the legal foundation for fighting sexual harassment and other forms of sex discrimination at work.

This opinion builds off of legal precedents from the 1980s and 1990s in cases where a woman was passed up for a job opportunity because she didn’t act or look feminine enough and where a man was sexually harassed and threatened by other men at work. This legal history drives home the fact that discrimination against the women who tend to be the key players in women’s activism — professional, heterosexual women who aren’t trans — is inextricably linked to the gender discrimination that other people face, including trans folks. Whether an employer tells a man that he shouldn’t act like a sissy, a woman that she shouldn’t wear revealing clothing if she doesn’t want to get hit on, or trans folk that they can’t or shouldn’t identify however they choose, workplace sex discrimination is about having to conform to the gender performance that your boss or colleagues prefer. As workers, we have the right to deviate from the gender norm that others want to enforce on us without sacrificing our livelihoods.

A TransGender-Symbol Plain2 by ParaDox used via Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Germany Thus, as a community of women’s activists, we should celebrate the EEOC’s opinion on Title VII, which will make it easier for trans folks to bring claims to EEOC offices across the country and make it easier to file suit against discriminatory employers. But we shouldn’t stop at celebrating. Though the EEOC’s decision will reverberate in federal courts, we need to be vigilant to ensure that more, stronger protections build on top of this decision by supporting legislation like the Employment Nondiscrimination Act (S. 811/H.R. 1397).

Protecting trans folks’ rights makes the workplace safer for everyone, but it also starts a cultural conversation about gender identity and raises awareness about not just the discrimination but also the threat of bodily harm that trans folks face when using bathrooms or just going out in public. Sadly, we’ve seen how grave this problem really is in the recent spate of assaults and murders of trans people.

Transgender issues are hard for many women and feminists to wrap their heads around, in some ways even more than the lesbian, gay, and bisexual issues that are often politically related to trans politics. And incorporating intersectional differences like sexuality, gender identity, race, class, disability, and others is a serious challenge in political organizing. In the women’s movement, this tension goes way back — from the suffragette split over whether to support the 15th Amendment to the “threat” of associating with radical lesbians that some women’s libbers dubbed the “lavender menace.” In hindsight, we know that feminism can and must incorporate difference to stay alive, to stay effective, and to stay honest.

In its simplest terms, we have to incorporate trans activism into our women’s activism because it affects women — whether they’re transitioning or not, whether they were born near the female end of the spectrum or the male, and whether they’re transitioning away from or toward womanhood. Trans issues are women’s issues, and feminists should support protecting all people from both sex and gender discrimination.

I recently attended one of my favorite conferences, Digital Now, where those of us in the nonprofit community learn about the latest trends in the digital world, such as developing online communities, curating content on behalf of our members, and using mobile technology for outreach and engagement. At the event, Tracey Wilen-Daugenti, vice president and managing director of the Apollo Research Institute and visiting scholar at Stanford University’s Media X program, spoke about future trends in the workplace and the skills needed for new careers. She said, “Today’s workers are increasingly likely to be women working outside the home or self-employed or applying their education to innovation and entrepreneurship as small-business owners.”

When I raised my hand to give AAUW as an example of women using the virtual platform Second Life, Wilen-Daugenti stopped me and said, “I’m an AAUW member, as is my mother.” Well, of course I had to go meet her after her presentation. We talked about the exciting ways in which AAUW is making pathways for women in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields, and I updated her on our activities. She mentioned that she was working on specific research about women in the workplace, so keep checking the Apollo Research Institute’s website later this year for the results.

John Martin, chief executive officer of the Southeastern Institute of Research, raised women’s issues in his presentation as well. He pulled up a screen shot showing how women are viewed in industry and asked us if we had read the article in the Atlantic called “The End of Men.” As he posted this slide, he quoted from the article: “Innovative, successful firms are the ones that promote women.” He then proceeded to let us know, in essence, that this can be considered the “PMS” era. As my mind started shouting, “What?!” he explained that this referred to leadership that is “pale, male, stale” — and that this trend cannot continue. There was a collective gasp and an uneasy chuckle throughout the room. I’m not sure if I agree with his analogy, but I support the concept of more women in leadership.

As attendees found out that I work at AAUW, they became interested in what we are doing and noted how women seemed to be at the center of speakers’ bullet points on workplace trends. At one point I found myself talking about our 130-year history, our major accomplishments, and our current endeavors to a table full of men who stayed engaged! They asked for my business card and wanted to know if they could join — yes, men can — and what we are doing to groom women as future leaders. They loved hearing about our women’s student leadership conference and asked a lot about the extensive research we do. And the women attendees, well, let’s just say that when I talked about how women today make 77 cents on average for every dollar that men earn, they started nodding their heads and asked for more information. I ran out of business cards.

The message that women — and AAUW — have a role to play in the workplace of the future really shone through during the final keynote address by Stephen Rosenbaum, author of Creation Nation. He talked about how the average person is drowning in information and said that organizations should focus on being content curators, not just content creators. He talked about multitasking, noted that listening is more powerful than speaking, and really emphasized the power of volunteers, of which AAUW has many! I loved his line “I don’t want my volunteerism for your organization to be a job.” I think every woman can relate to this, not just in the digital age we live in but in the world as a whole.

I’m glad that all of AAUW’s hard work is finally getting women recognized as a key component for the future. Now if we could just get ourselves recognized — equal pay would be a great start — today as well.

 

On Saturday, April 21, I participated in a panel at the AAUW of Colorado state convention with two accomplished women, Malcinia Conley and Danielle Norris, both of whom are emerging AAUW leaders.

I spoke about my efforts to sign up AAUW e-student affiliates at Regis University, where I am a student; how I’ve engaged my classmates on AAUW issues; and the many other outreach efforts I have initiated on campus. I was pleased to report that I reached my goal to start an AAUW student organization at Regis.

I also spoke about how I became an AAUW National Student Advisory Council member, the SAC’s role in AAUW efforts to engage younger women, and the upcoming National Conference for College Women Student Leaders. The audience was very interested in the SAC and the work we are doing. There was an engaging and lively question-and-answer session with the audience and our three-member panel.

After graduation, I’m also planning to join the virtual branch that AAUW of Colorado is starting. I believe virtual branches are great for many college-age women and busy professionals who want to be active in AAUW but who have limited time. In recruiting members for the AAUW student organization at Regis, two of the main questions I’ve been asked are how many times do we meet, and what is the time commitment? Because many students are already entrenched in online means of communication and socializing, virtual chapters and virtual meetings will help in attracting and keeping members.

AAUW of Colorado is an active, vital part of AAUW, and I am looking forward to a continuing relationship with them.

This post was written by National Student Advisory Council member Maria Mazzaferro.

As we grow up, we quickly learn that we can negotiate certain aspects of our lives. When I was younger, I tried to negotiate things like my curfew on the weekends and the number of extra snacks I could have from the corner candy store. Although I was already knowledgeable about the gender wage gap, I recently learned through AAUW’s $tart $mart salary negotiation workshop how important it is to negotiate in my adult life, especially my salary and benefits. Besides those trivial negotiations in my childhood, I’ve had very little experience, particularly in the realm of work and wages.

Over the course of her working life, a woman will earn up to $1 million less than a man. As a junior in college, I will soon be entering the workplace. As a young woman, I need to learn how to negotiate my salary and benefits.

Before the $tart $mart workshop, I didn’t know that I could negotiate my salary. I often think that I will be lucky to even get a job, given today’s economy. But by not questioning my salary when I accept a job, I will help maintain the wage gap, especially since it widens over the course of women’s careers. When I look at it this way, I understand how easily that gap can grow. $tart $mart taught me how to be aware of salary ranges and expectations based on factors like job location and specific position details. I also learned how to strategize asking these questions — and how to do so professionally.

As the workshop continued, I realized that I might not be able to help reduce the wage gap if I can’t negotiate my own salary and benefits. It is important for everyone to realize the power of negotiation — it can’t hurt to ask. I recommend this workshop to all young women so that they can earn as much as they deserve for their work — and stay on par with men.

This post was written by National Student Advisory Council member Laura Corrigan.

Be persistent, and don’t give up.

With science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM), you can solve some of the world’s most challenging problems.

Boys and girls are equally adept at STEM subjects.

These are just a few things that can be learned by watching AAUW’s Wonder Women of STEM! webcast.

As part of the 2012 USA Science and Engineering Festival pre-expo event lineup, the broadcast introduced viewers around the world to two successful women and their STEM careers.

Cyber-information analyst Lisa Lord taught the audience a few ways to prevent cyber-attacks. Whether a hacker is breaking into your system just for fun or a terrorist group is trying to break into military networks, keeping computer information safe starts with individuals securing their computers, she said. Lord added that good passwords and updated virus-detection software are critical to protecting data. In her job, Lord works to protect our national technology infrastructure, such as communication lines and water systems, from the types of cyber-attacks that could endanger national security. She couldn’t go into more detail because of the top secret nature of her projects. Cool!

Christianne Corbett, Christianne Corbett, debunked some myths about girls in STEM. She discussed how gender bias still affects STEM professionals even when they aren’t aware of it. She also pointed out that girls can develop the skills they need to be successful in STEM careers, but stereotypes negatively influence their self-perceptions and discourage their interest in those fields.

The four webcasts featuring Lord and Corbett are now available on the JASON Project website. Share them with the young people in your life to ramp up excitement about potential STEM careers, and show young women two successful role models who are making a difference!

This post was written by AAUW Marketing and Communications Intern Marie Lindberg.

Last week, AAUW fellowship and grant recipients, local alumnae, and selection panelists gathered at the AAUW national office for our annual spring luncheon. In addition to enjoying lunch and dessert, women across generations and professional and academic fields made connections with one another.

Sarah Weilant, a 2011–12 Career Development Grantee, and Diane Holt, a Career Development Grant selection panelist, bonded over their shared passion for international work while two women who earned their grants in 1978, Margaret Conover and Nancy Lubin, met for the first time after receiving their awards more than 30 years ago. Conover and Lubin joked about how times have changed — fellows can now receive notification of their awards via e-mail. Each woman had her own story about how she first discovered that she had been selected as an AAUW awardee. In 2011, Destiny Aman was shocked when she saw her name listed as an American Fellow. Aman, one of the most charismatic AAUW fellows I have met, explained how she read the list about 15 times in disbelief and asked her housemates whether it was for real. Needless to say, there was plenty of laughter in the room.

Aside from jokes about dissertations written on typewriters, we engaged in a valuable conversation about mentorship. Each attendee spoke of her realization that a single action is powerful. Ayana Johnson, a 2010–11 American Fellow, recently learned that a young woman from California chose to study marine biology at the University of California, San Diego, after seeing a poster of Johnson in a local airport. Johnson explained that the student saw this poster and said, “Well, she looks like me. I could be a marine biologist too.” These stories illustrate how small things can have a large impact. Aman, for example, said that the simple act of asking to assist in someone’s research gave her the opportunity to spend six weeks in Madagascar.

The luncheon allowed us to get to know fellowship and grant recipients on a more personal level. The awardees made connections with each other and with AAUW. Coming together to share experiences, network, and discover common bonds is an important part of the AAUW experience.

Please know that our doors are always open to any fellow or grantee who is visiting Washington, D.C.! Get in touch by e-mail or by calling 800/326-AAUW.

This post was written by AAUW Fellowships and Grants Intern Elyssa Shildneck.

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